rust-engine/src/vulkan/mod.rs

use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::SystemTime;

use cgmath::{Matrix4, SquareMatrix};
use dds::get_block_size;
use rust_engine_proc::perf;
use vulkano::device::physical::PhysicalDevice;
use vulkano::pipeline::viewport::Viewport;
use vulkano::render_pass::{FramebufferAbstract, RenderPass};
use vulkano::{buffer::{BufferUsage, CpuAccessibleBuffer}, command_buffer::SubpassContents, image::{ImageAccess, ImageLayout, ImageUsage, MipmapsCount, immutable::SubImage}};
use vulkano::command_buffer::{AutoCommandBufferBuilder, CommandBufferUsage, PrimaryAutoCommandBuffer, PrimaryCommandBuffer};
use vulkano::device::{Device, DeviceExtensions, Features, Queue};
use vulkano::format::{ClearValue, Format};
use vulkano::image::{ImageCreateFlags, ImageDimensions, ImmutableImage};
use vulkano::instance::{ApplicationInfo, Instance, InstanceExtensions, Version};
use vulkano::instance::debug::{DebugCallback, MessageSeverity, MessageType};
use vulkano::sampler::{Filter, MipmapMode, Sampler, SamplerAddressMode};
use vulkano::swapchain::{AcquireError, FullscreenExclusive, PresentMode, Surface, SurfaceTransform, Swapchain, SwapchainCreationError};
use vulkano::swapchain;
use vulkano::sync::{FlushError, GpuFuture};
use vulkano::sync;
use vulkano_win::VkSurfaceBuild;
use winit::event::{Event, WindowEvent};
use winit::event_loop::{ControlFlow, EventLoop};

use mesh::CPUMesh;
use pipelines::Drawcall;
use pipelines::{DefaultShader, TextShader};
use pipelines::vs;
use winit::window::{Window, WindowBuilder};

use crate::config::RenderConfig;
use crate::perf::PerformanceCounter;
use crate::vulkan::gameobject::GameObject;

use self::mesh::CPUVertexList;

pub mod pipelines;
pub mod gameobject;
pub mod mesh;
pub mod dds;
mod renderpass;
mod framebuffers;

const VALIDATION_LAYERS: &[&str] = &[
    "VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation",
];

#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Vertex {
    pub position: [f32; 3],
    pub uv: [f32; 2],
    pub normal: [f32; 3],
    pub tangent: [f32; 4],
    pub bone_index: [i32; 4],
    pub bone_weight: [f32; 4],
}
vulkano::impl_vertex!(Vertex, position, uv, normal, tangent, bone_index, bone_weight);

#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct LinePoint {
    pub position: [f32; 3],
}
vulkano::impl_vertex!(LinePoint, position);

#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct TextVertex {
    pub position: [f32; 3],
    pub uv: [f32; 2],
}
vulkano::impl_vertex!(TextVertex, position, uv);

#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct TextInstanceData {}
vulkano::impl_vertex!(TextInstanceData);

pub trait Game {
    /// Returns true if event should be ignored by the vulkan handler
    fn on_window_event(self: &mut Self, event: &Event<()>);

    fn update(self: &mut Self, renderer: &mut VulkanRenderer);

    fn get_game_objects(&self) -> &Vec<GameObject>;

    fn get_ubo(&self) -> &vs::ty::ObjectUniformData;
}

pub struct Mesh<V> {
    pub vertex_buffer: Arc<CpuAccessibleBuffer<[V]>>,
    pub index_buffer: Arc<CpuAccessibleBuffer<[u32]>>,
    pub original_path: Option<String>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct MeshHandle {
    pub index: usize,
    pub textures: Vec<TextureHandle>,
    pub original_path: Option<String>,
    pub pipeline_index: usize
}

pub(crate) type TextureHandle = usize;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Texture {
    pub image: Arc<ImmutableImage>,
    pub sampler: Arc<Sampler>
}

pub struct GameData {
    pub start_time: SystemTime,
    pub recreate_pipeline: bool,
    pub dimensions: [u32; 2],
    pub shutdown: bool,
    pub meshes: Vec<Mesh<Vertex>>,
    pub meshes_text: Vec<Mesh<TextVertex>>,
    pub textures: Vec<Texture>,
}

pub struct VulkanRenderer {
    pub game_data: GameData,
    pub device: Arc<Device>,
    pub framebuffers: Vec<Arc<dyn FramebufferAbstract + Send + Sync>>,
    pub pipelines: Vec<Box<dyn Drawcall>>,
    pub surface: Arc<Surface<Window>>,
    pub swapchain: Arc<Swapchain<Window>>,
    pub render_pass: Arc<RenderPass>,
    pub queue: Arc<Queue>,
    pub recreate_swapchain: bool,
    pub debug_callback: Option<DebugCallback>,
    pub previous_frame_end: Option<Box<dyn GpuFuture>>,
    pub uniform_buffers: Vec<Arc<CpuAccessibleBuffer<vs::ty::ObjectUniformData>>>,
    pub render_config: RenderConfig,
    pub viewport: Viewport
}

impl VulkanRenderer {
    pub fn init(enable_validation_layers: bool, render_config: RenderConfig) -> (VulkanRenderer, EventLoop<()>) {
        // Create empty game data struct to be filled
        let mut data = GameData {
            start_time: SystemTime::now(),
            recreate_pipeline: false,
            shutdown: false,
            dimensions: [0, 0],
            meshes: vec![],
            meshes_text: vec![],
            textures: vec![],
        };

        // Create basic vulkan instance with layers and info
        let instance = {
            let extensions = InstanceExtensions {
                ext_debug_utils: true,
                ..vulkano_win::required_extensions()
            };
            println!("Using extensions: {:?}", extensions);

            let app_info = ApplicationInfo {
                application_name: Some("Asuro's Editor".into()),
                application_version: Some(Version { major: 0, minor: 1, patch: 0 }),
                engine_name: Some("Asuro's Rust Engine".into()),
                engine_version: Some(Version { major: 0, minor: 1, patch: 0 })
            };

            if enable_validation_layers {
                println!("Enabling validation layers...");
                let available_layers = vulkano::instance::layers_list().unwrap().map(|layer| String::from(layer.name())).collect::<Vec<String>>();
                println!("Available layers: {:?}", available_layers);

                VALIDATION_LAYERS.iter().for_each(|wanted_layer_name| {
                    if !available_layers.iter().any(|available_layer_name| available_layer_name == wanted_layer_name) {
                        panic!("Validation layer not found: {:?}", wanted_layer_name);
                    }
                });

                Instance::new(Some(&app_info), Version::V1_1, &extensions, VALIDATION_LAYERS.iter().cloned()).expect("failed to create Vulkan instance")
            } else {
                Instance::new(Some(&app_info), Version::V1_1, &extensions, None).expect("failed to create Vulkan instance")
            }
        };

        // lifetime of this is important, even tho it isn't used!
        let mut debug_callback = None;

        // Debug stuff
        if enable_validation_layers {
            let msg_severity = MessageSeverity {
                verbose: false,
                information: true,
                warning: true,
                error: true
            };

            let msg_types = MessageType {
                general: true,
                performance: true,
                validation: true
            };

            debug_callback = DebugCallback::new(&instance, msg_severity, msg_types, |msg| {
                let type_str = match (msg.severity.error, msg.severity.warning, msg.severity.information, msg.severity.verbose) {
                    (true, _, _, _) => "!!",
                    (_, true, _, _) => "!",
                    (_, _, true, _) => "i",
                    _ => "v"
                };

                let layer_str = msg.layer_prefix;

                println!("[{}][{}]: {}", type_str, layer_str.unwrap_or(""), msg.description);
            }).ok();
        }

        // TODO: Create device selector
        let physical = PhysicalDevice::enumerate(&instance).next().unwrap();

        let events_loop = EventLoop::new();
        let surface = WindowBuilder::new().build_vk_surface(&events_loop, instance.clone()).unwrap();
        let window = surface.window();

        // Queue
        let queue_family = physical.queue_families().find(|&q| {
            q.supports_graphics() && surface.is_supported(q).unwrap_or(false)
        }).unwrap();

        let device_ext = DeviceExtensions { khr_swapchain: true, khr_maintenance1: true, ..DeviceExtensions::none() };
        let (device, mut queues) = Device::new(physical, &Features::none(), &device_ext,
                                               [(queue_family, 0.5)].iter().cloned()).unwrap();
        let queue = queues.next().unwrap();

        // Swapchain
        let (swapchain, images) = {
            let caps = surface.capabilities(physical).unwrap();
            let usage = caps.supported_usage_flags;
            let alpha = caps.supported_composite_alpha.iter().next().unwrap();
            let (format, color_space) = caps.supported_formats[2];
            let inner_size = window.inner_size();
            data.dimensions = [inner_size.width, inner_size.height];

            Swapchain::start(device.clone(), surface.clone())
                .num_images(caps.min_image_count)
                .format(format)
                .dimensions(data.dimensions)
                .layers(1)
                .usage(usage)
                .sharing_mode(&queue)
                .transform(SurfaceTransform::Identity)
                .composite_alpha(alpha)
                .present_mode(PresentMode::Fifo)
                .fullscreen_exclusive(FullscreenExclusive::Default)
                .clipped(true)
                .color_space(color_space)
                .build().unwrap()
        };

        let size = images[0].dimensions().width_height();
        let viewport = create_viewport(size[0] as f32, size[1] as f32);

        // Render pass
        let render_pass = renderpass::create_render_pass(device.clone(), &render_config, swapchain.format());
        let render_pass_text = renderpass::create_render_pass(device.clone(), &render_config, swapchain.format());

        let pipelines: Vec<Box<dyn Drawcall>> = vec![
            Box::new(DefaultShader::new(device.clone(), render_pass.clone())),
            Box::new(TextShader::new(device.clone(), render_pass_text.clone())),
        ];

        // The render pass we created above only describes the layout of our framebuffers. Before we
        // can draw we also need to create the actual framebuffers.
        let framebuffers = framebuffers::create_framebuffers(device.clone(), &swapchain, &images, render_config.get_msaa(), render_pass.clone());

        let mut uniform_buffers = Vec::new();
        let uniform_buffer = vs::ty::ObjectUniformData {
            view: Matrix4::identity().into(),
            projection: Matrix4::identity().into(),
            ortho_projection: Matrix4::identity().into(),
            time: 0.0,
            light_position: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            light_directional_rotation: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            camera_position: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            _dummy0: [0; 12],
            _dummy1: [0; 4],
            _dummy2: [0; 4],
        };

        for _ in 0..swapchain.num_images() {
            uniform_buffers.push(CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_data(
                device.clone(),
                BufferUsage::uniform_buffer_transfer_destination(),
                false,
                uniform_buffer,
            ).unwrap());
        }

        // In the loop below we are going to submit commands to the GPU. Submitting a command produces
        // an object that implements the `GpuFuture` trait, which holds the resources for as long as
        // they are in use by the GPU.
        //
        // Destroying the `GpuFuture` blocks until the GPU is finished executing it. In order to avoid
        // that, we store the submission of the previous frame here.
        let previous_frame_end = Some(Box::new(sync::now(device.clone())) as Box<dyn GpuFuture>);

        (VulkanRenderer { game_data: data, device, framebuffers,
            pipelines, uniform_buffers,
            surface, swapchain, render_pass, queue,
            recreate_swapchain: false, debug_callback, previous_frame_end,
            render_config, viewport
        }, events_loop)
    }

    fn create_command_buffer(self: &mut Self, fb_index: usize, uniform_buffer_data: &vs::ty::ObjectUniformData, game_objects: &Vec<GameObject>) -> Arc<PrimaryAutoCommandBuffer> {
        // General setup
        let mut builder = AutoCommandBufferBuilder::primary(self.device.clone(), self.queue.family(), CommandBufferUsage::OneTimeSubmit).unwrap();
        builder.update_buffer(self.uniform_buffers[fb_index].clone(), Arc::new(*uniform_buffer_data)).unwrap();
        if self.render_config.msaa_samples > 0 {
            builder.begin_render_pass(self.framebuffers[fb_index].clone(), SubpassContents::Inline, vec![ClearValue::None, ClearValue::Float([0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]), ClearValue::Depth(1.0)]).unwrap();
        } else {
            builder.begin_render_pass(self.framebuffers[fb_index].clone(), SubpassContents::Inline, vec![ClearValue::Float([0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]), ClearValue::Depth(1.0)]).unwrap();
        }

        builder.set_viewport(0, [self.viewport.clone()]);

        // Draw meshes etc.
        let mut index = 0;
        for pipeline in &self.pipelines {
            let objects = game_objects.iter().filter(|go| go.visible && go.pipeline_index == index).collect();
            pipeline.draw(&mut builder, fb_index, objects, &self.game_data);
            index += 1;
        }
        
        // General cleanup
        builder.end_render_pass().unwrap();
        Arc::new(builder.build().unwrap())
    }

    #[perf("renderer", crate::perf::PerformanceCounter)]
    pub fn render_loop(self: &mut Self, new_ubo: &vs::ty::ObjectUniformData, game_objects: &Vec<GameObject>) {
        // cleanup previous frame
        self.previous_frame_end.as_mut().unwrap().cleanup_finished();

        // recreate swapchain if window size changed
        if self.recreate_swapchain {
            let window = self.surface.window();
            let inner_size = window.inner_size();
            self.game_data.dimensions = [inner_size.width, inner_size.height];

            let (new_swapchain, new_images) = match self.swapchain.recreate().dimensions(self.game_data.dimensions).build() {
                Ok(r) => r,
                // This error tends to happen when the user is manually resizing the window.
                // Simply restarting the loop is the easiest way to fix this issue.
                Err(SwapchainCreationError::UnsupportedDimensions) => {
                    println!("Swapchain rejected: UnsupportedDimensions");
                    return;
                }
                Err(err) => panic!("{:?}", err),
            };

            let size = new_images[0].dimensions().width_height();
            self.viewport = create_viewport(size[0] as f32, size[1] as f32);

            self.render_pass = renderpass::create_render_pass(self.device.clone(), &self.render_config, new_swapchain.format());

            self.pipelines = vec![
                Box::new(DefaultShader::new(self.device.clone(), self.render_pass.clone())),
                Box::new(TextShader::new(self.device.clone(), self.render_pass.clone())),
            ];

            self.swapchain = new_swapchain;
            // Because framebuffers contains an Arc on the old swapchain, we need to
            // recreate framebuffers as well.
            self.framebuffers = framebuffers::create_framebuffers(self.device.clone(), &self.swapchain, &new_images, self.render_config.get_msaa(), self.render_pass.clone());

            self.recreate_swapchain = false;
        }

        // recreate pipeline if requested
        if self.game_data.recreate_pipeline {
            let device = self.device.clone();
            let render_pass = self.render_pass.clone();
            self.pipelines.iter_mut().for_each(|pipeline| pipeline.recreate_pipeline(device.clone(), render_pass.clone()));
            self.game_data.recreate_pipeline = false;
        }

        // Before we can draw on the output, we have to *acquire* an image from the swapchain. If
        // no image is available (which happens if you submit draw commands too quickly), then the
        // function will block.
        // This operation returns the index of the image that we are allowed to draw upon.
        //
        // This function can block if no image is available. The parameter is an optional timeout
        // after which the function call will return an error.
        let (fb_index, _, acquire_future) = match swapchain::acquire_next_image(self.swapchain.clone(), None) {
            Ok(r) => r,
            Err(AcquireError::OutOfDate) => {
                self.recreate_swapchain = true;
                return;
            },
            Err(err) => panic!("{:?}", err)
        };

        let command_buffer = self.create_command_buffer(fb_index, new_ubo, game_objects).clone();

        let future = self.previous_frame_end.take().unwrap()
            .join(acquire_future)
            .then_execute(self.queue.clone(), command_buffer).unwrap()
            .then_swapchain_present(self.queue.clone(), self.swapchain.clone(), fb_index)
            .then_signal_fence_and_flush();

        match future {
            Ok(future) => {
                // we're joining on the previous future but the CPU is running faster than the GPU so
                // eventually it stutters, and jumps ahead to the newer frames.
                //
                // See vulkano issue 1135: https://github.com/vulkano-rs/vulkano/issues/1135
                // This makes sure the CPU stays in sync with the GPU in situations when the CPU is
                // running "too fast"
                #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
                future.wait(None).unwrap();

                self.previous_frame_end = Some(Box::new(future) as Box<_>);
            },
            Err(FlushError::OutOfDate) => {
                println!("Swapchain out of date!");
                self.recreate_swapchain = true;
                self.previous_frame_end = Some(Box::new(sync::now(self.device.clone())) as Box<_>);
            }
            Err(e) => {
                println!("{:?}", e);
                self.previous_frame_end = Some(Box::new(sync::now(self.device.clone())) as Box<_>);
            }
        };
    }

    pub fn upload_mesh(self: &mut Self, mesh: CPUMesh, original_path: Option<String>) -> usize {
        let index_buffer = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(self.device.clone(), BufferUsage::index_buffer(), false, mesh.indices.into_iter()).unwrap();

        match mesh.vertices {
            CPUVertexList::Vertex3D(verts) => {
                let vertex_buffer = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(self.device.clone(), BufferUsage::vertex_buffer(), false, verts.into_iter()).unwrap();
                self.game_data.meshes.push(Mesh { vertex_buffer, index_buffer, original_path });
                self.game_data.meshes.len() - 1
            },
            CPUVertexList::VertexText(verts) => {
                let vertex_buffer = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(self.device.clone(), BufferUsage::vertex_buffer(), false, verts.into_iter()).unwrap();
                self.game_data.meshes_text.push(Mesh { vertex_buffer, index_buffer, original_path });
                self.game_data.meshes_text.len() - 1
            },
        }
    }

    pub fn update_mesh(self: &mut Self, mesh_index: usize, vertices: CPUVertexList, indices: Vec<u32>) {
        let index_buffer = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(self.device.clone(), BufferUsage::index_buffer(), false, indices.into_iter()).unwrap();

        match vertices {
            CPUVertexList::Vertex3D(verts) => {
                let mesh = &mut self.game_data.meshes[mesh_index];
                mesh.vertex_buffer = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(self.device.clone(), BufferUsage::vertex_buffer(), false, verts.into_iter()).unwrap();
                mesh.index_buffer = index_buffer;
            },
            CPUVertexList::VertexText(verts) => {
                let mesh = &mut self.game_data.meshes_text[mesh_index];
                mesh.vertex_buffer = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(self.device.clone(), BufferUsage::vertex_buffer(), false, verts.into_iter()).unwrap();
                mesh.index_buffer = index_buffer;
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn upload_texture(self: &mut Self, bytes: &[u8], width: u32, height: u32, format: Format, filter: Filter, wrap: SamplerAddressMode, device: Arc<Device>) -> Texture {
        let dimensions = ImageDimensions::Dim2d { width, height, array_layers: 1 };

        let usage = ImageUsage {
            transfer_destination: true,
            transfer_source: true,
            sampled: true,
            ..ImageUsage::none()
        };

        let mip_maps = if format == Format::R8_UINT { MipmapsCount::One } else { MipmapsCount::Log2 };

        let (image_view, initializer) = ImmutableImage::uninitialized(
            device.clone(),
            dimensions,
            format,
            mip_maps,
            usage,
            ImageCreateFlags::default(),
            ImageLayout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
            device.active_queue_families(),
        ).unwrap();

        let init = SubImage::new(
            Arc::new(initializer),
            0,
            image_view.mipmap_levels(),
            0,
            1,
            ImageLayout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
        );

        let mut cbb = AutoCommandBufferBuilder::primary(device.clone(), self.queue.family(), CommandBufferUsage::OneTimeSubmit).unwrap();

        let mut offset = 0;

        let block_bytes = get_block_size(format);

        let mut upload_bytes = |data: &[u8], mip_index: u32, mip_size: [u32; 3]| {
            let source = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(
                device.clone(),
                BufferUsage::transfer_source(),
                false,
                data.iter().cloned(),
            ).unwrap();

            cbb.copy_buffer_to_image_dimensions(
                source.clone(),
                init.clone(),
                [0, 0, 0],
                mip_size,
                0,
                dimensions.array_layers(),
                mip_index,
            ).unwrap();
        };

        if let Some(block_byte_size) = block_bytes {
            for i in 0..image_view.mipmap_levels() {
                
                let mip_size = dimensions.mipmap_dimensions(i).unwrap().width_height_depth();
        
                let mip_byte_size = (
                    (u32::max(4, mip_size[0]) / 4)
                    * (u32::max(4, mip_size[1]) / 4)
                    * block_byte_size) as usize;
                
                let data = &bytes[offset..(offset + mip_byte_size)];
                upload_bytes(data, i, mip_size);
                offset += mip_byte_size;
            }
        } else {
            let mut texture_bytes: Vec<u8> = bytes.to_vec();
            texture_bytes.resize((width * height) as usize, 0u8);
            upload_bytes(&texture_bytes, 0, dimensions.width_height_depth());
        }

        let cb = cbb.build().unwrap();

        let future = match cb.execute(self.queue.clone()) {
            Ok(f) => f,
            Err(e) => unreachable!("{:?}", e)
        };

        future.flush().unwrap();

        let sampler = Sampler::new(device.clone(), filter, filter,
            MipmapMode::Linear, wrap, wrap, wrap,
            0.0, 1.0, 0.0, (image_view.mipmap_levels() - 1) as f32).unwrap();

        Texture { image: image_view, sampler }
    }

    pub fn update_texture(&mut self, tex_handle: TextureHandle, new_data: &[u8], new_data_dimensions: [u32; 3], new_data_offset: [u32; 3], device: Arc<Device>) {
        let texture = &mut self.game_data.textures[tex_handle];
        
        let old_sub_image = SubImage::new(
            texture.image.clone(),
            0,
            1,
            0,
            1,
            ImageLayout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
        );

        let mut cbb = AutoCommandBufferBuilder::primary(device.clone(), self.queue.family(), CommandBufferUsage::OneTimeSubmit).unwrap();

        let upload_source = CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(
            device.clone(),
            BufferUsage::transfer_source(),
            false,
            new_data.iter().cloned(),
        ).unwrap();

        cbb.copy_buffer_to_image_dimensions(
            upload_source.clone(),
            old_sub_image.clone(),
            new_data_offset,
            new_data_dimensions,
            0,
            1,
            0,
        ).unwrap();

        let cb = cbb.build().unwrap();

        let future = cb.execute(self.queue.clone()).unwrap();

        future.flush().unwrap();
    }

    pub fn resize_texture(&mut self, game_object: &mut GameObject, texture_handle: TextureHandle, new_size: ImageDimensions) {
        let mut texture = &mut self.game_data.textures[texture_handle];
        
        let new_image_usage = ImageUsage {
            transfer_destination: true,
            transfer_source: true,
            sampled: true,
            ..ImageUsage::none()
        };
        
        let (new_image_view, new_image_initializer) = ImmutableImage::uninitialized(
            self.device.clone(),
            new_size,
            texture.image.format(),
            texture.image.mipmap_levels(),
            new_image_usage,
            ImageCreateFlags::default(),
            ImageLayout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
            self.device.active_queue_families(),
        ).unwrap();

        let old_sub_image = SubImage::new(
            texture.image.clone(),
            0,
            1,
            0,
            1,
            ImageLayout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
        );

        let new_sub_image = SubImage::new(
            Arc::new(new_image_initializer),
            0,
            new_image_view.mipmap_levels(),
            0,
            1,
            ImageLayout::ShaderReadOnlyOptimal,
        );

        let mut cbb = AutoCommandBufferBuilder::primary(self.device.clone(), self.queue.family(), CommandBufferUsage::OneTimeSubmit).unwrap();

        cbb.copy_image(
            old_sub_image.clone(), 
            [0, 0, 0],
            0,
            0,
            new_sub_image.clone(),
            [10, 0, 0],
            0,
            0,
            old_sub_image.dimensions().width_height_depth(),
            1
        ).unwrap();
        
        let cb = cbb.build().unwrap();
        let future = cb.execute(self.queue.clone()).unwrap();
        future.flush().unwrap();

        texture.image = new_image_view;
        game_object.init_descriptor_sets(self);
    }

    pub fn clear_all(&mut self) {
        self.game_data.meshes.clear();
        self.game_data.textures.clear();
    }
}

pub fn start_event_loop(mut renderer: VulkanRenderer, mut game: Box<dyn Game>, event_loop: EventLoop<()>) {
    PerformanceCounter::init_perf();
    
    event_loop.run(move |event, _, control_flow| {
        game.on_window_event(&event);

        if renderer.game_data.shutdown {
            *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit;
        }

        match event {
            Event::WindowEvent { event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested, .. } => {
                *control_flow = ControlFlow::Exit;
            },
            Event::WindowEvent { event: WindowEvent::Resized(..), .. } => {
                renderer.recreate_swapchain = true;
            },
            Event::RedrawRequested(..) => {
                PerformanceCounter::perf_next_frame("renderer");
                renderer.render_loop(game.get_ubo(), &game.get_game_objects());
            },
            Event::MainEventsCleared => {
                PerformanceCounter::perf_next_frame("update");
                PerformanceCounter::perf_next_frame("input_events");
                game.update(&mut renderer);
                renderer.surface.window().request_redraw();
            },
            _ => {}
        }
    });
}

pub fn create_viewport(width: f32, height: f32) -> Viewport {
    Viewport {
        origin: [0.0, 0.0],
        dimensions: [width, height],
        depth_range: 0.0..1.0,
    }
    // Viewport {
    //     origin: [0.0, height],
    //     dimensions: [width, -height],
    //     depth_range: 0.0..1.0,
    // }
}